Frequency of Fetomaternal Outcomes Among Pregnant Women Presenting with Thrombocytopenia : Pregnancy Outcomes in Thrombocytopenic Women

Fardous Niaz; Farzana Sabir; Ahmed Ali; Saima Parveen; Madiha Khadim; . Madiha

doi:10.54393/pjhs.v7i5.3713

Authors

Fardous Niaz Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Divisional Headquarters Teaching Hospital Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
Farzana Sabir Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Divisional Headquarters Teaching Hospital Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
Ahmed Ali Department of Medical, Sadiq Health and Welfare Trust, Palandri, Pakistan
Saima Parveen Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Watim Medical College, Rawat, Paki
Madiha Khadim Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Poonch Medical College, Rawalakot, Pakistan
. Madiha Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Divisional Headquarters Teaching Hospital Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v7i5.3713

Keywords:

Thrombocytopenia, Pregnancy, Maternal Outcomes, Fetal Outcomes, Preeclampsia, Low Birth Weight

Abstract

Thrombocytopenia is a prevalent hematological disease during pregnancy that may cause fetomaternal adverse outcomes. It is imperative to know its prevalence and the complications associated with it so that it can be identified and dealt with at a very early stage. Objective: To determine the frequency of fetomaternal outcomes among pregnant women with thrombocytopenia. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Medical College, Mirpur, AJ and K, among 151 pregnant women diagnosed with thrombocytopenia. Patients were also classified according to the severity. The outcomes of the mothers were measured in terms of preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome, placental abruption, and preterm birth. The low birth weight and preterm birth were among the fetal outcomes. Analysis of data was done through SPSS version 25.0. Results: The 151 participants presented the highest number of mild thrombocytopenia, 83(54.9%), moderate 40(26.4%), and severe thrombocytopenia 28(18.5%). Preeclampsia occurred in 54 (35.8%) of cases, HELLP syndrome in 15 (9.9%), and placental abruption in 3 (2.0%). Preterm birth was observed in 15 (9.9%) and low birth weight in 6 (4.0%) of neonates. Maternal and fetal outcomes showed no statistically significant differences across thrombocytopenia severity groups (P-value >0.05). Conclusions: Thrombocytopenia in pregnancy was predominantly mild to moderate in severity, with generally favorable maternal and fetal outcomes. No statistically significant differences were observed across severity groups. Early identification and careful monitoring may help optimize maternal and neonatal care.

References

Ebrahim H, Kebede B, Tilahun M, Debash H, Bisetegn H, Tesfaye M. Magnitude and Associated Factors of Thrombocytopenia Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinics at Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northeast Ethiopia. Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis. 2022 May; 28: 1-8. doi: 10.1177/10760296221097379. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/10760296221097379

Park YH. Diagnosis and Management of Thrombocytopenia in Pregnancy. Blood Research. 2022 Apr; 57(1): 79-85. doi: 10.5045/br.2022.2022068. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5045/br.2022.2022068

Provan D, Arnold DM, Bussel JB, Chong BH, Cooper N, Gernsheimer T et al. Updated International Consensus Report on the Investigation and Management of Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia. Blood Advances. 2019 Nov; 3(22): 3780-817. doi: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000812. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000812

Fogerty AE. Thrombocytopenia in pregnancy: approach to diagnosis and management. In Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis. 2020 Apr; 46 (3): 256-263. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1708842. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1708842

Kalaycı H, Durdağ GD, Baran ŞY, Şimşek SY, Alemdaroğlu S, Özdoğan S et al. Pregnancy of Patients with Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes. Journal of the Turkish German Gynecological Association. 2020 Jun; 21(2): 97. doi: 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2019.2019.0078. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2019.2019.0078

Chandil N, Luthra S, Dwivedi AD, Singh A. Prevalence of Thrombocytopenia During Pregnancy, and its Effect on Pregnancy and Perinatal Outcome. International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2020; 4(2): 60-62. doi: 10.33545/gynae.2020.v4.i2a.503. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33545/gynae.2020.v4.i2a.503

Silva CL and Grando AC. Complications of Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Pregnancy: A Review of Literature. Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial. 2021 Feb; 57: 1-8. doi: 10.5935/1676-2444.20210006. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20210006

Mushahary D, Marwah S, Saran A, Gupta C, Kumari K, Malik S et al. Feto-Maternal Outcome in Pregnancy with Thrombocytopenia and Abnormal Platelet Indices. Cureus. 2024 Apr; 16(4): 1-8. doi: 10.7759/cureus.59156. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.59156

Ibeh CO, Guo F, Yang X. Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in 151 Cases of Thrombocytopenia in Pregnancy. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology. 2025 Aug; 13: 1608647. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1608647. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2025.1608647

Thapliyal M, Choudhary A, Choudhary D, Gupta V. To Study Feto-Maternal Outcome in Pregnancy with Thrombocytopenia. Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Cancer Research. 2025 Feb; 10(4): 307-314. doi: 10.30699/jogcr.10.4.307. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30699/jogcr.10.4.307

Jin J, Zhang M, Cai X, Hou Y, Xiang X, Hou L et al. Severe Thrombocytopenia is Associated with Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Obstetric Antiphospholipid Syndrome. European Journal of Medical Research. 2025 Jun; 30(1): 465. doi: 10.1186/s40001-025-02675-4. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-02675-4

Cunningham FG, Leveno KJ, Bloom SL, Spong CY, Dashe JS, Hoffman BL et al. Williams Obstetrics. 26th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Education. 2022: 727-779.

Kim WJ, Park IY, Choi SK. Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnancies Complicated by Maternal Thrombocytopenia: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2025 Jun; 14(13): 4524. doi: 10.3390/jcm14134524. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm14134524

Tasneem F and Sharma VM. Pregnancy Emerged Thrombocytopenia: Maternal and Fetal Outcome. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences. 2020; 8: 3554-9. doi: 10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20204228. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20204228

Kharadi KK, Shah SR, Deliwala KJ, Parikh PM. Feto-Maternal Outcome of Pregnancy with Thrombocytopenia. 2024. doi: 10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241058. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20241058

Bussel JB. Immune Thrombocytopenia in Pregnancy. Journal of Reproductive Immunology. 1997 Aug; 34(1): 10. doi: 10.1016/S0165-0378(97)90374-0. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0165-0378(97)90374-0

Adesina OA, Fasola F, Adekanbi O, Ogunbosi B, Akinyemi J, Kuti MA et al. Burden of Cytopaenias Among HIV Positive Pregnant Women at the University College Hospital, Ibadan. Annals of Ibadan Postgraduate Medicine. 2018 Dec; 16(2): 99.

Ezveci H, Doğru Ş, Akkuş F, Yaman FK, Ünal EG, Gezginç K. Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnant Women with ITP: A Single Tertiary Center Experience. Journal of Perinatal Medicine. 2024 Oct; 52(8): 831-836. doi: 10.1515/jpm-2024-0120. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/jpm-2024-0120

Sullivan CA and Martin Jr JN. Management of the Obstetric Patient with Thrombocytopenia. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology. 1995 Sep; 38(3): 521-534. doi: 10.1097/00003081-199509000-00011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/00003081-199509000-00011

Dwivedi P, Puri M, Nigam A, Agarwal K. Fetomaternal Outcome in Pregnancy with Severe Thrombocytopenia. European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences. 2012 Nov; 16(11): 1-4.