Histopathological Diversity in Hysterectomy Specimens at Jinnah Sindh Medical University Lab

Histopathological Diversity in Hysterectomy Specimens

Abstract

Hysterectomy is common but often overused in Pakistan, with rising cases in cities like Dera Ghazi Khan. Fibroids and abnormal uterine bleeding are the top causes, though many effective non-surgical treatments exist. Experts urge prioritizing medical management and preserving fertility through alternatives like myomectomy before resorting to surgery. Objective: To determine the spectrum of hysterectomies’ lesions in histopathological analysis at Jinnah Sind Medical University Lab (JSMU lab). Method: This retrospective study was conducted in the setting of the JSMU diagnostic lab in Karachi, from January 2023 to December 2024. The sample size included the hysterectomy samples received during the two years mentioned before. The sampling technique was non-probability consecutive sampling. A proforma was designed to collect data from the records of the JSMU lab. This included the age of the patients, Indication of surgery, and outcome/diagnosis after histopathological examinations. Results: This study included 147 hysterectomies with a mean age of 44.11 years, and the Individuals aged between 40 and 49 years comprised the largest proportion, making up half of the total participants. Heavy menstrual bleeding was the most frequent clinical finding, present in 44% of cases. Histopathologically, 50% of cases showed leiomyoma, followed by adenomyosis, with almost all patients having chronic cervicitis and nabothian cysts. Conclusions: It was concluded that hysterectomy was most common in women aged 40–49 years, primarily for heavy menstrual bleeding. Leiomyoma was the leading histopathological finding, followed by adenomyosis, with chronic cervicitis and nabothian cysts in most cases.