A Comparison of Urine Dipstick Test with Spot Urine Protein–Creatinine Ratio and 24-Hour Protein Excretion in Women with Pre-Eclampsia: Urine Dipstick Test with Spot Urine Protein–Creatinine Ratio in Women with Pre-Eclampsia

Nabila Shaheen; Syeda Uzma; Sadia Zainab; Naheed Hayat; Asifa Saleem

doi:10.54393/pjhs.v6i7.2758

Authors

Nabila Shaheen Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Combined Military Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Syeda Uzma Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Combined Military Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Sadia Zainab Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Combined Military Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Naheed Hayat Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Combined Military Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Asifa Saleem Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Combined Military Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.54393/pjhs.v6i7.2758

Keywords:

Pre-eclampsia, Proteinuria, Spot UPCR, 24-Hour Urine Protein, Diagnostic Accuracy

Abstract

Pre-eclampsia is a major obstetric complication marked by hypertension and significant proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation, posing serious maternal and fetal risks. Early and accurate detection is critical for effective management. Objectives: To assess the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the spot urine protein–creatinine ratio (UPCR) in detecting significant proteinuria in pre-eclamptic women, compared to 24-hour urine protein excretion. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Tertiary Care Hospital, Bahawalpur, from November 24, 2022, to May 23, 2023 (Approval No. 1516/Trg/2022). The study included 202 pregnant women diagnosed with pre-eclampsia. Spot UPCR and 24-hour urine protein were measured, and dipstick testing was performed. A UPCR cutoff of 0.3 was used to evaluate diagnostic accuracy. Results: The mean UPCR was 1.47 ± 1.05 mg/g, and the mean 24-hour urine protein excretion was 1475.35 ± 1099.87. mg. Spot UPCR showed a strong correlation with 24-hour urine protein (r = 0.974, p<0.001). ROC analysis revealed an AUC of 0.971. At the 0.3 cutoff, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were 84.2%, 83.3%, 98.8%, and 25.0%, respectively. Conclusions: It was concluded that spot UPCR is a reliable and efficient alternative to 24-hour urine collection for detecting significant proteinuria in pre-eclampsia. Its integration into routine antenatal care may enhance early diagnosis and improve maternal and fetal outcomes.

Author Biography

Sadia Zainab, Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Combined Military Hospital, Bahawalpur, Pakistan

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