Comparison of Kegel Exercises and Stabilization Exercises for Urinary Incontinence in Postpartum Females and

Stress is the spontaneous urine loss upon any effort or physical activity, or or sneezing This study aimed to investigate the effects of . Objectives: Kegel exercises and stabilization exercises on urinary incontinence along with the improvement in the strength of pelvic �oor. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study in which purposive sampling was done from postpartum females from Physiotherapy OPDs of Government hospitals of Faisalabad after meeting inclusion exclusion criteria. Thirty females with urinary incontinence were assigned into two groups: Group A and Group B. Group A received Kegel exercises for 4 weeks and group B received stabilization exercises for 4 weeks. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 16. Paired T test was used for inter-group analysis and independent T test was used for intra-group analysis. Results: The study concluded that the incidence of stress urinary incontinence increases with age as 36.7% participants of the study were from 51-60 years of age group. This study also proved that both kegel exercise and stabilization exercise were bene�cial in treating stress urinary incontinence and showed signi�cant difference with a p value of 0.012. Conclusions: It showed that stabilization exercises are a better approach in treating stress urinary incontinence by showing greater mean value of 2.533 ± 1.187. In the end, kegel exercises are primary treatment of stress urinary incontinence but when doing them alone, they showed lesser improvement with a mean value of 1.533 ± 0.833. Postpartum Females: Kegel Exercises Stabilization Exercises

only after treating the coexisting pelvic organ prolapse is referred to as SUI on prolapse reduction. SUI symptoms are clear as the spontaneous urine leakage upon exertion, coughing or sneezing. SUI indication is the involuntary urine out ow from urethra, associated with effort or sneezing or coughing [5]. Age, gender, menopause, and a history of vaginal delivery are all linked with UI, as are other factors that can be modi ed but aren't necessarily necessary (e.g., smoking habit, excessive alcohol use, bad toileting behaviors, obesity and constipation). By restricting social activities and interactions, reducing workplace abilities, and high nancial strain on women as well as society, UI lowers female's life quality [6]. Study reveals corresponding possible origins of UI, includes detrusor or pelvic oor muscle malfunction, dysfunction of Kegel Exercises and Stabilization Exercises for Urinary Incontinence in Postpartum Females

I N T R O D U C T I O N
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is the spontaneous urine loss upon any effort or physical activity, or coughing or sneezing This study aimed to investigate the effects of . Objectives: Kegel exercises and stabilization exercises on urinary incontinence along with the improvement in the strength of pelvic oor. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study in which purposive sampling was done from postpartum females from Physiotherapy OPDs of Government hospitals of Faisalabad after meeting inclusion exclusion criteria. Thirty females with urinary incontinence were assigned into two groups: Group A and Group B. Group A received Kegel exercises for 4 weeks and group B received stabilization exercises for 4 weeks. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 16. Paired T test was used for inter-group analysis and independent T test was used for intra-group analysis. Results: The study concluded that the incidence of stress urinary incontinence increases with age as 36.7% participants of the study were from 51-60 years of age group. This study also proved that both kegel exercise and stabilization exercise were bene cial in treating stress urinary incontinence and showed signi cant difference with a p value of 0.012. Conclusions: It showed that stabilization exercises are a better approach in treating stress urinary incontinence by showing greater mean value of 2.533 ± 1.187. In the end, kegel exercises are primary treatment of stress urinary incontinence but when doing them alone, they showed lesser improvement with a mean value of 1.533 ± 0.833. exercise, respectively and out of 15 participants 9(60%), 5(33.3%), 1(6.7%) were in 1-5, 6-10, and 16-20 incontinence frequency group after kegel exercise, respectively. Table 1 also explains in group 2 that out of 15 patients were included in Stabilization exercise group, 5(33.3%), 5(33.3%), 5(33.3%) were in age group of 31-40, 41-50 and 51-60 years, respectively. Out of 15 patients 1(6.7%), 6(40%), 3(20%), 4(26.7%), 1(6.7%) were in 1-5, 6-10, 11-15, 16-20, and were in 21-25 incontinence frequency group before stabilization exercise, respectively and out of 15 patients 3(20%), 5(33.3%), 4(26.7%), 2(13.3%), 1(6.7%) were in 1-5, 6-10, 11-15, 16-20 and 21-25 incontinence frequency group after stabilization exercise, respectively Kegel Exercises and Stabilization Exercises for Urinary Incontinence in Postpartum Females

PJHS VOL. 3 Issue. 4 September 2022
Copyright (c) 2022. PJHS, Published by Crosslinks International Publishers neural regulator of storage and voiding of urine [7]. Multiple traditional methods in case of SUI are available, some of them are pelvic oor muscle training, electrical s t i m u l at i o n, b i ofe e d b a c k a n d b l a d d e r t r a i n i n g , acupuncture and vaginal cones [8]. Weighted vaginal cones can be used to aid women to train their PF and the pelvic oor is constricted from sliding out [9,10]. In SUI patients, the bladder training combined with PFMT also had substantial improvements in UI indications, QOL, and everyday UI incidents [11]. Kegel exercises are the most prevalent treatments and are generally custom-made. The number of contractions, duration of holding time, and sets differ across different participants [12]. Stabilization exercises are such interventions that are used to improve the particular trunk muscles function in order to achieve the control and coordination of spine and pelvis using segmentation and simpli cation which are the rules of motor learning [13]. A considerable amount of work had been done on kegel exercises for urinary incontinence but very few literature is found on the stabilization exercises for treating the urinary incontinence in postpartum females. Aim of this study is to provide evidence of comparative effect of kegel exercises and stabilization exercises for urinary incontinence in postpartum females.
It was a Quasi Experimental Study. A total of 30 postpartum females participated according to inclusion exclusion criteria, returned the questioner and were willing to participate in the study. Sample was selected by using convenience sampling technique. The data were collected from postpartum females from different Physiotherapy OPDs of Faisalabad. The criteria used to choose the participants was ages between 30 -60 years' females participants was selected, suffered minimum of 3 months of SUI, grade of pelvic organ prolapse, stage ≤ 2, ultiparous females and vaginal delivery. The criteria used to exclude the participants was anti-incontinence surgery history within the previous 12 months, pelvic prolapse repair or urethral surgery within the previous 12 months, clinically signi cant heart impairment, pregnant females, positive urinary tract infection, history of C-Section and participants who can't perform all four types of stabilization exercises. Data collection tools used in this study was Incontinence frequency chart, King's Health Questionnaire and Pad tests.

R E S U L T S
Table 1 explains in group 1 that out of 15 participants 5(33.3%), 4(26.7%), 6 (40%), were in age group of 31-40, 41-50, and 51-60 years, respectively. Out of 15 participants 3(3%), 5(33.3%), 5(33.3%), 1(6.7%), 1(6.7%) were in 1-5, 6-10, 11-15, 16-20 and 21-25 incontinence group before kegel     Table 3 explains that kegel exercise treatment, effects showed signi cant difference and were founded at t value 5.123 and p-value 0.01. Table 3 also explains that after stabilization exercise treatment, effects showed signi cant difference and were founded at t value 2.646 and p-value 0.011. part of normal aging process showed the same results [17,18]. As age increases, an elevated level of urine leakage and associated lower urinary tract problems prevails. Men who have reached their 7th decade of life and postmenopausal women are more aware of this in uence. Although there is much discussion over if these signi cant effects are pathological or are a component of the "regular" process of aging, elderly people and healthcare providers frequently hold the opinion that incontinence is an anticipated sign of aging. Nevertheless, the modi cations in the lower urinary tract, PNS, and CNS that encompass this assessment are both multi -faceted and imperfectly comprehended. Our study showed that stabilization exercises proved to stand better in managing stress urinary leakage. The table showed the signi cance value of 0.011, which is less than 0.05(signi cant p value). Studying the in uence of pelvic oor stabilization exercises on the signs and life quality of women with stress urine incontinence was conducted in 2020 [19][20]. This study concluded that after treatment, there was a high statistical difference seen between cases and controls in terms of the manifestations and quality of lifespan experienced by females with UI (p 0.01). Treatments to stabilize the pelvic oor were successful in easing discomfort and enhancing v a l u e o f l i fe s p a n i n u r i n a r y l e a k a g e p a t i e n t s . Recommending women to use pelvic oor stabilization techniques as an e cient strategy to manage the indications of urine incontinence and enhance their QOL. The present research outcomes were based to check the comparison between kegel exercise and stabilization exercise for stress urinary incontinence in postpartum women included 30 postnatal females from physiotherapy OPDs of Faisalabad. The investigation and outcomes of this research decided that both kegel exercise and stabilization exercise showed signi cant difference. Patient' s age was a main factor to determine the severity of SUI symptoms. Associated factors like not following the treatment protocols and not doing exercises on regular basis were found to be associated with the present study results. Another study showed the same results i.e there is a difference between kegel exercise and stabilization exercise. This study was done to know about the pain severity at leisure and during diverse functional tasks in postpartum women having low back pain during introducing spinal stabilization exercises, as well as the in uence of Kegel exercise. Lumbar stabilization techniques reduce discomfort and improve functionalities, and the Kegel technique is useful in treating urine incontinence [14][15][16]. Our research also indicated a substantial difference between kegel exercise and stabilization exercise with a signi cant value of 0.012, which is far less than the signi cant P value i.e 0.05. Hence, other hypothesis is acknowledged and null supposition is excluded. Our study also showed that incontinence is more prevalent in elderly population. The table 4.1 showed that out of total 30 patients, 11 stress urinary leakage patients stayed from age group 51-60 years, which makes the 36.7% of the total percentage. Another study conducted to examine the frequency of urinary leakage in elderly as a  Table 4 explains the descriptive statistics group vise comparison Stab and Kegel group, Mean ± SD was 2.533 ± 1.187 at stabilization as a treatment and Mean ± SD was 1.533 ± 0.833 at kegel as a treatment.

C O N C L U S I O N S
This study concluded that the occurrence of urinary leakage due to physical strain increases with age as 36.7% participants of the study were from 51-60 years of age group. This study also proved that both kegel exercise and stabilization exercise were bene cial in treating stress urinary incontinence. It also proved that both exercises are highly statistically signi cant different with a p value of 0.012. Our research also showed that stabilization is a better approach in treating stress urinary incontinence by showing greater mean value of 2.533 ± 1.187. In the end, kegel exercises are primary treatment of SUI but when doing them alone, they showed slight improvement with a mean value of 1.533 ± 0.83.

C o n  i c t s o f I n t e r e s t
The authors declare no con ict of interest.

S o u r c e o f F u n d i n g
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